21世纪高等学校计算机规划教材——高校系列

新编计算机英语教程

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李心广 , 柯晓华 , 姚敏锋 , 王敏 (编著) 978-7-115-22983-0

关于本书的内容有任何问题,请联系 刘博

(1)编写者具有计算机及英语语言双重学位,并具有海外留学背景。
(2)结构体系上,不脱离计算机专业来介绍英语,在学习计算机专业英语的同时,强调英语语言本身和学习。
(3)本教材把计算机专业的多门核心课程的基础内容通过以不同专题的方式用英语展开介绍,全书以计算机和IT领域的最新英语时文和经典原版教材为基础。
(4)通过精读、泛读、视听说和翻译等环节让读者从多个角度、多层次掌握计算机英语的一般特点和大量专业词汇,并且在此基础上逐步提高专业英语的应用水平,达到能读懂、听说以及翻译简单的科技文章的目的。
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内容摘要

  本书是按照最新《大学英语教学大纲》对专业英语的要求,参考借鉴国际先进教学理念,尤其是美国计算机协会(Association for Computing Machinery,ACM)推荐的课程体系和内容,面向国际化信息技术人才培养的要求编写的教材。在满足计算机专业英语教学的同时,本书通过信息技术外包(ITO)的原理和案例介绍的选材内容,体现了计算机专业英语教学体系的改革新进展。
  本教材适合作为计算机科学与技术、软件工程、网络工程、电子商务、信息管理与信息系统等专业的“计算机专业英语”课程教材,尤其适合计算机(服务外包领域)专业的学生使用,也可供相关工程人员学习计算机专业英语参考。

目录

目 录

Chapter 1 Information Technology and IT Outsourcing Human Resources Pool 1
Introduction 1
Section A Information Technology 2
 1. Information Systems 2
 2. Hardware 4
  Types of Computers 4
  Hardware of Microcomputers 6
 3. Software 8
 4. The Internet and Its Applications 8
 5. Notes 9
 6. Exercises 10
Section B ITO Human Resources Pool 10
 1. Terms About ITO 11
 2.China's IT Outsourcing Industry 12
  International Conference of Outsourcing 13
  ITO Events in Various Areas of China 13
 3. Key Drivers and Challenges 16
 4. An Overview of Global ITO Market 17
 5. Notes 18
 6. Exercises 19
Section C Review & Reading 19
 1. Review 19
 2. Supplementary Reading 21
  China's Software Outsourcing Industry in Comparison with India's 21
 3. Computer Words and Expressions I 22
  词汇I 22

Chapter 2 The System Unit 25
Introduction 25
Section A 26
 1. The System Unit 26
 2. Electronic Data and Instructions 28
  Analog and Digital Signals 28
  Representing Text 28
 3. The System Board 30
 4. Microprocessors 31
  Control Units 32
  Arithmetic-logic Units 32
  Microprocessor Chips 32
  Specialty Processors 33
 5. Memory 34
 6. System Clocks 35
 7. Notes 35
 8. Exercises 35
Section B 36
 1. Expansion Slots and Cards 36
  Graphics Cards 37
  Sound Cards 37
  Network Interface Cards 37
  TV Tuner Cards 37
  Plug and Play 37
  PC Cards 38
 2. Bus Lines 38
  Bus Width 38
  Expansion Buses 39
 3. Ports 39
  Standard Ports 40
  Serial Ports 40
  Parallel Ports 40
  Universal Serial Bus (USB) Ports 40
  FireWire Ports 40
  Specialized Ports 41
  Cables 41
 4. Power Supply 42
  Power Supply Units of Desktops 42
  AC Adapters of Laptops 42
 5. Notes 43
 6. Exercises 43
Section C Review & Reading 44
 1. Review 44
 2. Supplementary Reading 45
  I. Intel Pentium III Processor Serial Number 45
  II. China's IT Outsourcing: A Two-Minute Guide to Finding Your Partner 46
 3. Computer Words and Expressions II 48
  词汇II 48

Chapter 3 Input and Output 50
Introduction 50
Section A Input and Input Devices 51
 1. What Are Input and Output? 51
 2. Input Devices 52
  Keyboards 52
  Pointing Devices 54
  Scanning Devices 56
  Audio-input Devices 59
 3. Notes 60
 4. Exercises 62
Section B Output Devices and Combination Devices 63
 1. Output Devices 63
  Monitors 64
  Printers 67
  Audio-output Devices 69
 2. Combination Input and Output devices 71
  Touch Screens 71
  Fax Machines 72
  Multifunctional Devices (MFD) 74
  Internet Telephones 74
 3. Notes 76
 4. Exercises 78
Section C Review & Reading 78
 1. Review 78
 2. Supplementary Reading 81
  Brain-computer Interface 81
 3. Grammar 83

Chapter 4 Storage 84
Introduction 84
Section A Primary Storage 85
 1. What Is Primary Storage? 85
 2. Primary Storage Devices 85
  RAM 85
  ROM 89
  CMOS 90
  CMOS battery 91
  Processor Registers 91
  Processor Caches 91
 3. Notes 92
 4. Exercises 93
Section B Secondary Storage 94
 1. What Is Secondary Storage? 94
 2. Secondary Storage Devices 95
  Hard Disk Drives 95
  Floppy Disks 97
  Optical Discs 97
  Flash Memory 101
  Other Storage Devices 102
 3. Notes 104
 4. Exercises 106
Section C Review & Reading 107
 1. Review 107
 2. Supplementary Reading 109
  I.Storage Systems 109
  II.Connected Learning 111
  III. Reading Exercises 112
 3. Grammar 112

Chapter 5 Operating Systems 114
Introduction 114
Section A Operating Systems 114
 1. The History of Operating Systems 115
  Terms About OS 116
  Interactive Processing and Real-time Processing 117
  Time-sharing 118
  OS in Nowadays 119
 2. Operating System Architecture 120
  A Software Survey 120
  Components of an Operating System 122
  Getting It Started 126
 3. Notes 127
 4. Exercises 128
Section B System Security 130
 1. Attacks from the Outside 130
 2. Attacks from Within 132
 3. Notes 134
 4. Exercises 135
Section C Review & Reading 136
 1. Review 136
 2. Supplementary Reading 137
  I. Linux 137
  II. BPO-Business Process Outsourcing 137
 3. Grammar 141

Chapter 6 Application Software-Databases & Multimedia 143
Introduction 143
Section A Databases 144
 1. About Databases and DBMS 144
 2. Features 145
 3. Database Models 147
 4. Applications of Databases 148
 5. Database Design 149
 6. Database Development Platforms 150
 7. Notes 151
 8. Exercises 152
Section B Multimedia 154
 1. Introduction 154
 2. The Elements of Multimedia 155
  Text 155
  Still Images and Graphics 156
  Animation and Video 157
  Audio 159
 3. Interactive Multimedia Applications 160
 4. Multimedia Development Software 161
 5. Notes 162
 6. Exercises 163
Section C Review & Reading 165
 1. Review 165
 2. Supplementary Reading 167
  I. User Interaction with a Database Program 167
  II. Motion Capture Software: Cortex 169
 3. Animation Production Videos: Live-to-Air Broadcast 170
 4. Grammar 171

Chapter 7 Communication and the Internet 173
Introduction 173
Section A The Internet 174
 1. What Is the Internet 174
 2. Web Basics 175
 3. Accessing the Internet 177
 4. Network-related Jobs 178
 5. Notes 179
 6. Exercises 180
Section B Internet Applications 181
 1. Communication 181
 2. Web Search Engines 184
 3. Electronic Commerce 185
 4. File Transfer 187
 5. Netiquette 187
 6. Security 189
 7. Notes 192
 8. Exercises 194
Section C Review & Reading 195
 1.Review 195
 2. Supplementary Reading 196
  I. Firewall 196
  II. Wireless Security 197
 3. Reading and Writing 198
 4. Grammar 200

Chapter 8 Computer Networks 202
Introduction 202
Section A Network Software 203
 1. Exemplary Networks 203
 2.Protocol Hierarchies 206
 3. Types of Networks 208
 4. Notes 210
 5. Exercises 211
Section B Network Hardware 212
 1. Introduction 212
 2. Physical Communication Channels 212
 3. Basic Hardware Components 214
 4. Notes 217
 5. Exercises 218
Section C Review & Reading 220
 1. Review 220
 2. Supplementary Reading 221
  Father of Fiber-Optics Wins Nobel Prize 221
 3. Grammar 223

Chapter 9 Data Structures 225
Introduction 225
Section A Data Structures 225
 1. Data Structure Fundamentals 225
  Basic Data Structures 226
  Abstraction 228
  Pointers 229
 2. Implementing Data Structures 230
  Storing Arrays 230
  Homogeneous Arrays 230
  Heterogeneous Arrays 233
  Storing Lists 234
  Storing Stacks and Queues 236
  Storing Binary Trees 237
  Manipulating Data Structures 239
 3. Notes 241
 4. Exercises 241
Section B Customized Data Types 243
 1. Customized Data Types 243
  User-Defined Data Types 243
  Abstract Data Types 245
 2. Classes and Objects 247
 3. Notes 249
 4. Exercises 250
Section C Review & Reading 250
 1.Review 250
 2. Supplementary Reading 251
  I. A Problem with Pointers 251
  II. "Apparel Industry Amid Global Meltdown—Outsourcing Intelligence Report" 252
 3. Translation Issues in IT Fields I 253

Chapter 10 Programming and Programming Languages 255
Introduction 255
Section A Programming 256
 1. Programming Paradigms 256
  The Imperative Paradigm 256
  The Declarative Paradigm 257
 2.Functional Programming 258
 3.Object-oriented Programming 259
  Classes 260
  Objects 260
  Instances 260
  Methods 261
  Message Passing 261
  Inheritance 261
  Abstraction 262
  Encapsulation 262
  Polymorphism 263
 4. Algorithms 264
 5. Instruction Sets 265
 6. Notes 265
 7.Exercises 267
Section B Programming Languages 267
 1. About Programming Languages 267
 2. Low-level Programming Languages 268
  The Machine Language 269
  The Assembly Language 269
 3. High-level Programming Languages 271
  C Programming Language 271
 4. Compiled Languages and Interpreted Languages 272
  Compilers 272
  Interpreters 272
  Compiled Languages 273
  Interpreted Languages 273
 5. Markup Languages and Scripting Languages 274
 6. Notes 275
 7.Exercises 276
Section C Review & Reading 276
 1.Supplementary Reading 276
  I.Object-oriented Programming 276
  II. China's Software and Service Outsourcing Industry Presents New Features 277
 2. Translation Issues in IT Fields II 282
  Appendix An Overview of Outsourcing 284
 1. Brief History of Outsourcing 284
  Initial Stages of Evolution 284
  Strategic Partnerships 285
 2. What is Outsourcing? 285
  Why Do Companies Outsource? 286
  How to Decide Whether to Outsource? 286
  ITO, BPO, KPO-What's the Difference? 287
  What about Bundling? 287
  What Is an SLA? 288
  What Do I Need to Know About the Transition Period? 288
  Main Factors Influencing Successful Outsourcing 289
  How Important Is Ongoing Relationship Management to Outsourcing Success? 289
 3. Outsourcing Process 290
  Program Initiation 290
  Service Implementation 290
  Final Agreement 290
  Program Closure 291
 4. How Is Outsourcing Priced? 291
  What are the "Hidden Costs" of Outsourcing? 292
 5. Why Is Outsourcing So Hard? 292
  How Do I Decide What Vendor or Vendors to Work with? 293
  Do You Have Any Tips for Negotiations? 294
  Where's the Best Place in the World to Outsource IT? 294
  What if Outsourcing Doesn't Work Out? Can I Just Bring the Work Back In? 295

Bibliography 296

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